Core Java Tutorial

♠ Posted by Java Tutorials at 3:52 AM

                                       Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  Next                       
       
Brief History and Features of Java
Java is a programming language and a platform.
In this page, we will learn history and features of java. Additionally, we will see why java is called a platform.

 Brief history of Java
Let's see some points that describes the history of java.
  • James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language project in June 1991.
  • originally designed for small, embedded systems in electronic appliances like set-top boxes.
  • initially called Oak and was developed as a part of the Green project
  • In 1995, Oak was renamed as "Java". Java is just a name not an acronym.
  • originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems(which is now a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995.
  • JDK 1.0 released in(January 23, 1996).

Features of Java
There is given many features of java. They are also called java buzzwords.
  • Simple
  • Object-oriented
  • Platform independent
  • Secured
  • Robust
  • Architecture neutral
  • Portable
  • Dynamic
  • Interpreted
  • High Performance
  • Multithreaded
  • Distributed

Simple
Java is simple in the sense that:
 syntax is based on C++ (so easier for programmers to learn it after C++).
removed many confusing and/or rarely-used features e.g., explicit pointers, operator overloading etc.
 No need to remove unreferenced objects because there is Automatic Garbage Collection in java.

Object-oriented
Object-oriented means we organize our software as a combination of different types of objects that incorporates both data and behaviour.
Object-oriented programming(OOPs) is a methodology that simplify software development and maintenace by providing some rulues.
Basic concepts of OOPs are:
  • Object
  • Class
  • Inheritance
  • Polymorphism
  • Abstraction
  • Encapsulation

Platform Independent
A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides software-based platform. The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it's a software-based platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms.It has two components:
  • Runtime Environment
  • API(Application Programming Interface)

Java code can be run on multiple platforms e.g.Windows,Linux,Sun Solaris,Mac/OS etc. Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode.This bytecode is a platform independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms i.e. Write Once and Run Anywhere(WORA).


Secured
Java is secured because:
  • No explicit pointer
  • Programs run inside virtual machine sandbox.



  • Classloader- adds security by separating the package for the classes of the local file system from those that are imported from network sources.
  • Bytecode Verifier- checks the code fragments for illegal code that can violate accesss right to objects.
  • Security Manager- determines what resources a class can access such as reading and writing to the local disk.
These security are provided by java language. Some sucurity can also be provided by application developer through SSL,JAAS,cryptography etc.


Robust
Robust simply means strong. Java uses strong memory management. There are lack of pointers that avoids security problem. There is automatic garbage collection in java. There is exception handling and type checking mechanism in java. All these points makes java robust.


Architecture-neutral
There is no implementation dependent features e.g. size of primitive types is set.


Portable
We may carry the java bytecode to any platform.


High-performance
Java is faster than traditional interpretation since byte code is "close" to native code still somewhat slower than a compiled language (e.g., C++)


Distributed
We can create distributed applications in java. RMI and EJB are used for creating distributed applications. We may access files by calling the methods from any machine on the internet.


Multi-threaded
A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently. We can write Java programs that deal with many tasks at once by defining multiple threads. The main advantage of multi-threading is that it shares the same memory. Threads are important for multi-media, Web applications etc.


                            Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  Next

0 comments :

Post a Comment